relationship between power and energy consumption

 What is the relationship between power and energy?

Of course, this is a very basic and fundamental question, but it's one that many people learning physics struggle with. I'm asking this to have a canonical answer to refer to within the site to refer to when answering other questions.

Power is the amount of energy produced (or consumed) for unit of time.

For exemple, Sun's reaction produces x$x$ MeV of energy per day. So, it's power is x(24∗60∗60)MeVs$\frac{x}{(24\ast 60\ast 60)}\frac{MeV}{s}$.

Power=energytime$\text{Power}=\frac{\text{energy}}{\text{time}}$ (more precisely dP=dEdt$dP=\frac{dE}{dt}$)